Public research library · Source-linked and plainly qualified

Follow the evidence.
Keep the claims honest.

This is the public reading room behind the active, planned, actively researched, and build-ready programmes at Introverted Invertebrates. Each source is linked directly and paired with a plain-language note explaining what it informs—and what it does not prove.

26
linked sources
8
programme groups
4
evidence levels

Evidence before certainty

Not every useful source carries the same weight.

The two practitioner records remain visible because they preserve rare captive observations. They sit in their own category and never close a design question by themselves.

Peer-reviewed17
Experiments, field studies, and formal taxonomic work published through scholarly journals.
Official reference6
Government manuals, recognized taxonomic records, and university culture-collection material.
Expert synthesis1
A transparent bridge between formal literature, specialist identification, and a disputed trade name.
Practitioner record2
Documented captive experience retained where research is thin; useful for hypotheses, never treated as proof.

01 · Active systems

Research underneath work already in motion.

These animals are not future acquisitions. The research helps interpret what is observed in the active programme and keeps the next decision accountable to more than habit or anecdote.

Active system

Neocaridina colour lines

Neocaridina davidi

These papers support the biological foundation shared by the four active colour lines: temperature restraint, continuous biofilm, and dependable early-juvenile nutrition. They do not define the programme’s private selection thresholds.

Peer-reviewedN1

Losing Reproduction: Effect of High Temperature on Female Biochemical Composition and Egg Quality in the Red Cherry Shrimp

Baliña et al. · The Biological Bulletin · 2018

High temperature suppressed ovarian maturation and spawning and affected egg-quality measures. It supports protecting long-term female condition instead of chasing faster reproduction with heat.

Open DOI
Peer-reviewedN2

Breeding and life cycle of Neocaridina davidi in a biofilm-based culture system

Viau et al. · Aquaculture Research · 2020

The species completed its life cycle in a biofilm-based system, and suitable biofilm-bearing substrates improved juvenile survival, biomass, and energy reserves.

Open publisher page
Peer-reviewedN3

Nutritional vulnerability in early stages of the freshwater ornamental red cherry shrimp

Pantaleão et al. · Journal of Crustacean Biology · 2015

The earliest juvenile stage was less resistant to food deprivation than a later juvenile stage. It reinforces uninterrupted access to fine natural food and mature grazing surfaces.

Open DOI
Active system

Amano adults and larval pathway

Caridina multidentata

The adult lines are operating now; the marine larval pathway remains active research inside that programme. These sources define credible experimental controls for broodstock temperature, larval salinity, and first foods without turning small-vessel results into mass-culture promises.

Peer-reviewedA1

Dietary effects of phytoplankton and zooplankton on larval performance of four Caridina species

Hamasaki et al. · Crustacean Research · 2020

Live Tetraselmis with rotifers produced the strongest tested path to juveniles for Amano larvae. It is a laboratory positive control—not a forecast for survival in a larger shared vessel.

Read open article
Peer-reviewedA2

Larval performance of three amphidromous Caridina species under different temperature and salinity conditions

Kondo, Hamasaki & Dan · Crustacean Research · 2021

Temperature and salinity produced species-specific survival and development responses. The study provides an experimental envelope for Amano larvae rather than one universal ‘correct’ salinity.

Read open article
Peer-reviewedA3

Effects of temperature on reproduction of Caridina multidentata and Caridina typus

Ohara et al. · Aquatic Animals · 2024

Adult temperature changed reproductive output; the warmest treatment reduced Amano hatching success and the number of newly hatched larvae. Broodstock conditions are part of larval-system design.

Read open article

02 · Planned brackish systems

Defined programmes waiting their turn.

One provenance-tracked system per species is planned at lower priority. Founder animals have not arrived, and neither system has entered construction or stocking.

Planned

Opae ula

Halocaridina rubra

One provenance-tracked adult system is planned at lower priority. The literature establishes the species’ anchialine biology, salinity physiology, larval ecology, and unusually strong population structure; the system has not entered construction or stocking.

Peer-reviewedO1

Reproduction and development in Halocaridina rubra clarifies larval ecology in the Hawaiian anchialine ecosystem

Havird et al. · The Biological Bulletin · 2015

Five years of laboratory colony records and salinity trials showed lineage and seasonal differences in reproduction and much poorer larval settlement near freshwater than in brackish or seawater.

Open DOI
Peer-reviewedO2

Osmoregulation in the Hawaiian anchialine shrimp Halocaridina rubra

Havird, Henry & Santos · Journal of Experimental Biology · 2014

The species tolerated and regulated across an exceptional salinity range in laboratory transfers. That explains anchialine resilience; it is not permission to subject a captive colony to needless swings.

Read open article
Peer-reviewedO3

Patterns of genetic connectivity among anchialine habitats: Halocaridina rubra on Hawai‘i Island

Santos · Molecular Ecology · 2006

Populations showed strong genetic subdivision and restricted gene flow over surprisingly short distances. It gives real biological weight to provenance records and keeping source lines separate.

Open DOI
Peer-reviewedO4

Anchialine pool shrimp as an indicator of sewage in coastal groundwater ecosystems

Marrack & Beavers · PLOS ONE · 2023

Shrimp tissue nitrogen isotopes tracked nutrient pollution across anchialine pools. The work connects captive stewardship to the ecological sensitivity and monitoring value of the wild species.

Read open article
Practitioner recordO5

Supershrimp species information and long-term captive husbandry notes

PetShrimp · practitioner reference

A long-running captive-care reference useful for comparing husbandry observations with the formal literature. It can suggest practices; it cannot prove a biological requirement by itself.

Open husbandry reference
Planned

Alpha Opae

Metabetaeus lohena

One provenance-tracked adult system is planned at lower priority, and the larval protocol remains experimental. Strong field ecology and population work define the habitat; the system has not entered construction or stocking.

Peer-reviewedM1

Genetic population structure of the anchialine shrimp Metabetaeus lohena in the Hawaiian Islands

Russ, Santos & Muir · Revista de Biología Tropical · 2010

The weak population structure across the species’ range is consistent with effective marine dispersal. It supports a marine larval hypothesis, not a finished larval-rearing recipe.

Open indexed record
Peer-reviewedM2

Factors affecting the density of Metabetaeus lohena at a high-density anchialine pool environment

Peck, Nash & Camp · Pacific Science / USGS · 2024

A 130-pool field study found the strongest density relationships with invasive fish and Halocaridina rubra. It is valuable habitat and community context, not a captive stocking-density rule.

Read USGS record
Official referenceM3

Metabetaeus lohena species and habitat account

NatureServe Explorer · living conservation record

A conservation-oriented cross-check for accepted identity, distribution, and anchialine habitat records. It is used for natural-history context rather than a husbandry prescription.

Open species account
Practitioner recordM4

Breeding Alpha Opae Ula: first pregnancy and larval-rearing discussion

PetShrimp discussion archive · 2016

Keepers documented adults becoming berried alongside repeated difficulty feeding and retaining larvae. The failures identify testable questions; they do not establish a successful method.

Open discussion record

03 · Culture starter stock

Stock on hand is not a running culture.

Five refrigerated bottles document material available for a future setup. They do not prove viability, production volume, contamination control, or a completed culture start.

Planned

Tetraselmis culture

Tetraselmis sp.

Five opened 250 mL starter bottles were refrigerated and shaken on September 7, but no production culture has been established. These references anchor strain identity and medium preparation; bottle viability, F/2 arrival, growth rate, contamination control, and remote resilience remain unverified.

Official referenceC1

UTEX LB 232 Tetraselmis chuii culture record

UTEX Culture Collection of Algae · University of Texas at Austin

Provides a traceable reference strain, its identity history, and conservative long-term maintenance conditions. UTEX explicitly warns that maintenance settings are not automatically optimal for mass production.

Open strain record
Official referenceC2

F/2 medium recipe and preparation notes

UTEX Culture Collection of Algae · University of Texas at Austin

A reproducible university culture-collection recipe for enriched seawater medium, including stock additions, sterilization, vitamins, storage, and pH cautions. It is a medium reference—not proof of the best recipe for every strain.

Open medium recipe

04 · Actively Researching

The questions being worked now.

These programmes have earned focused research time, but not a build commitment. Their open questions stay visible until species identity, full life cycle, feeding ecology, and serviceability are strong enough to act on.

Actively Researching

Tangerine Tiger

Caridina cantonensis · identity gate remains

The current evidence strongly challenges the hobby’s common Caridina serrata label. The programme will keep the trade name qualified until the actual founder stock and provenance are checked rather than assuming every seller is carrying the same animal.

Peer-reviewedT1

To ‘bee’ or not to be—ornamental Caridina from Guangdong Province and Hong Kong

Klotz & von Rintelen · Zootaxa · 2014

Formal taxonomic work on the closely related ornamental Caridina complex provides the comparison framework and shows why trade labels cannot be accepted as species proof.

Open indexed record
Expert synthesisT2

‘Tangerine Tiger’ shrimp are Caridina cantonensis

NIADE · Andy Pierce · 2025, updated 2026

This synthesis connects the published taxonomy with direct responses from shrimp taxonomists, including morphological and 16S evidence. It resolves the likely hobby identity while leaving seller-stock verification necessary.

Read expert synthesis
Actively Researching

The two bamboo shrimp

Atyopsis moluccensis · Atyopsis spinipes

The two accepted Atyopsis species are being treated as separate programmes. The strongest evidence already shows that their larval salinity responses differ, while habitat work supports a flow-and-perch adult system rather than a generic community-tank assumption.

Peer-reviewedB1

Larval performance of two Atyopsis species under different temperature and salinity conditions

Hamasaki, Tanaka & Dan · Hydrobiologia · 2024

Atyopsis moluccensis and A. spinipes showed materially different larval salinity and temperature responses. The two species cannot honestly inherit one shared larval recipe.

Open DOI
Peer-reviewedB2

Dietary effects of phytoplankton and zooplankton on Atyopsis spinipes larvae

Tanaka, Hamasaki & Dan · Crustacean Research · 2023

Rotifers materially improved survival and development; live-food combinations and vessel volume both mattered. It supplies a laboratory positive control for future scale-up work.

Read open article
Peer-reviewedB3

Low-temperature tolerance of juvenile Atyopsis spinipes

Tanaka, Hamasaki & Dan · Crustacean Research · 2024

Juvenile performance declined sharply below the mid-teens Celsius in a controlled cooling test. It defines a cold-risk boundary, not an adult husbandry target.

Read open article
Peer-reviewedB4

Shrimp abundance and habitat relationships in tropical rain-forest streams, Sarawak, Borneo

Iwata et al. · Journal of Tropical Ecology · 2003

Wild Atyopsis moluccensis were associated with relatively high water velocity and boulder substrate. That makes usable current and stable filter-feeding perches central adult-design questions.

Open publisher page
Official referenceB5

Accepted species in the genus Atyopsis

World Register of Marine Species · living taxonomic record

WoRMS recognizes Atyopsis moluccensis and Atyopsis spinipes as the two accepted species in the genus. It is the taxonomic control behind listing both bamboo shrimp separately.

Open taxon record
Actively Researching

Marine rotifers

Brachionus sp. · strain not yet selected

Their role as first prey is supported; the production system is not finalized. The next gates are strain selection, density measurement, contamination control, crash recovery, and proving that the culture can remain useful through the real service interval.

Official referenceR1

Manual on the Production and Use of Live Food for Aquaculture: marine rotifer culture conditions

Lavens & Sorgeloos, eds. · FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 361 · 1996

A detailed hatchery reference for salinity, temperature, oxygen, pH, ammonia, bacteria, ciliates, stock cultures, scaling, and harvest. Its strongest systems lesson is to isolate backup stock from production crashes.

Read FAO rotifer chapter
Official referenceR2

Guide to the Production of Live Food Organisms

Pinij Kungvankij · FAO/UNDP Field Document 2 · 1988

An older but useful systems-level guide covering prey selection, phytoplankton growth, culture succession, and rotifer production. It supplies fundamentals, not a modern species-specific operating procedure.

Read FAO field guide

Public boundary

The sources are public. The operating notebook is not.

This page explains what the work is grounded in. It deliberately does not publish private room details, exact build specifications, internal trial controls, supplier records, or unfinished house methods.

A paper can support a question without proving the final system. A natural tolerance range is not an automatic care target. A laboratory result is not a mass-culture promise. Those distinctions remain part of the work.